期刊
JOURNAL OF MEMORY AND LANGUAGE
卷 107, 期 -, 页码 169-194出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2019.04.004
关键词
Language acquisition; Nouns; Case marking; Morphology; Cross-linguistic; Finnish; Estonian; Polish
资金
- UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) [ES/L008955/1]
- European Union [623742]
- Centre of Excellence in Estonian Study (European Union, European Regional Development Fund)
- ESRC [ES/L008955/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The aim of this large-scale, preregistered, cross-linguistic study was to mediate between theories of the acquisition of inflectional morphology, which lie along a continuum from rule-based to analogy-based. Across three morphologically rich languages (Polish, Finnish and Estonian), 120 children (mean age 48.32 months, SD = 7.0 months) completed an experimental, elicited-production study of noun case marking. Confirmatory analyses found effects of surface form (whole-word, token) frequency for Polish and Estonian, and phonological neighbourhood density (PND) for all three languages (using either our preregistered class-based or an exploratory form based measure). An exploratory all-languages analysis yielded both main effects, and a predicted interaction, such that the effect of PND was greater for forms with lower surface-form frequency, which are less available for direct retrieval from memory. Cross-linguistic differences were investigated with exploratory analyses of case variance, affix syncretism and stem changes. We conclude that these findings are difficult to reconcile with accounts that posit rules or linguistic abstractions and are most naturally explained by analogy-based connectionist or exemplar accounts.
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