Assessing the energy productivity of China's textile industry under carbon emission constraints

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Biennial Malmquist-Luenberger (BML) productivity index are applied to measure and decompose traditional energy efficiency under the carbon emission constraints of China's textile industry for the period 2000-2012. It is found that: (1) overall, the average growth rates of technical improvement, labor, capital for energy substitution, and output structural change are positive, indicating that these are the main factors that improve energy productivity, with output structural change making the largest contribution; (2) the average growth rates of the energy structure effect and technical efficiency are negative, which indicates that the energy structure effect is the main factor hindering energy productivity growth and that the deterioration of the technical efficiency change can inhibit this growth; (3) energy productivity is generally higher in eastern China than in central and western China; and, (4) in the decomposition of energy efficiency, the difference in energy efficiency between eastern and western China is mainly due to structural effects. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.