Clinical characteristics and ultrasonographic features for predicting central lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma without capsule invasion

Background To evaluate the association of preoperative clinical and sonographic features with central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with clinically node-negative (cN0) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) without capsule invasion. Methods Clinical and sonographic features of 635 cN0 PTC nodules without capsule invasion were retrospectively reviewed. CLNM was confirmed by pathology. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the predicting factors associated with CLNM in cN0 PTC without capsule invasion. Results In the 635 cN0 PTC nodules without capsule invasion, age <= 36 years, male, tumor size >8 mm, the distance between the tumor and the capsule <= 1.1 mm and calcification were independently associated with CLNM (P < .05). Conclusions CLNM was associated with age, sex, tumor size, the distance between the tumor and the capsule, and calcification in cN0 PTC without capsule invasion. Preoperative assessment of risk factors could help to select PTC patients who benefit from surgery.