期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
卷 46, 期 13, 页码 2831-2847出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04462-w
关键词
TSPO; Microglia; Astrocyte; Alzheimer's disease; PET; MRI
资金
- Alzheimer's Research UK
- British Neuropathological Society
- University of Southampton
- Medical Research Council (MRC) UK
- University of Manchester
- Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (Alzheimerfonden)
- Swedish Dementia Association (Demensfonden)
- Ake Wiberg Foundation
- Gun and Bertil Stohne's Foundation
- Gamla Tjanarinnor's Foundation
- Karolinska Institutet foundations
Neuroinflammation, as defined by the activation of microglia and astrocytes, has emerged in the last years as a key element of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases based on genetic findings and preclinical and human studies. This has raised the need for new methodologies to assess and follow glial activation in patients, prompting the development of PET ligands for molecular imaging of glial cells and novel structural MRI and DTI tools leading to a multimodal approach. The present review describes the recent advancements in microglia and astrocyte biology in the context of health, ageing, and Alzheimer's disease, the most common dementia worldwide. The review further delves in molecular imaging discussing the challenges associated with past and present targets, including conflicting findings, and finally, presenting novel methodologies currently explored to improve our in vivo knowledge of the neuroinflammatory patterns in Alzheimer's disease. With glial cell activation as a potential therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases, the translational research between cell biologists, chemists, physicists, radiologists, and neurologists should be strengthened.
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