期刊
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
卷 195, 期 -, 页码 167-179出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.04.065
关键词
Lithium-ion battery; Charging management; Energy conversion; Thermal management; Economic cost; Multi-objective optimization
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51607177, 51875054]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M631005]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2018A030310671]
Technical challenges facing the development of battery economic charging for energy management arise from various contradictory objectives, immeasurable internal states, and hard constraints. Available solutions often resort to optimizing economic charging from the perspective of power grid, while few focus on the benefits of electric vehicle (EV) owners. This paper proposes a constrained multi-objective optimization framework to achieve economy-conscious battery charging management. Specifically, a coupled electrothermal-aging model is first applied to capture the nonlinear electrical, thermal, and aging dynamics of a lithium-ion battery with different timescales. Then an economic indicator considering the total charging cost caused by both the battery aging and electrical energy loss is formulated, based on a battery resale cost model and the Beijing peak-valley time-of-use (TOU) price. In addition, two crucial but contradictory objectives including the charging time and battery average temperature are also taken into account, along with hard constraints on the battery State of Charge (SOC), charging current, terminal voltage, and temperature. The complicated multi-objective charging problem is solved by using NSGA-II to optimize the multistage constant-current (MCC) profile. Sensitivities of the cut-off voltage, convection resistance, and ambient temperature are comparatively analysed via Pareto frontier. Numerical results of two extreme cases and several balanced charging cases demonstrate that feasible, economy conscious battery charging management for various user demands can be achieved through suitable equilibrations among charging speed and thermal variations during charging.
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