Dimethyl Sulfoxide: Yesterday's Solvent, Today's Reagent

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has had a long history of use as a polar solvent and active pharmaceutical ingredient in the past decades. However, in this decade DMSO has attracted the attention of scientists as a source of oxygen, carbon or sulfur in a wide range of organic reactions. In this review, we have summarized and classified the latest findings in this area based on applications of DMSO as a single or a dual synthon.