Fluorescein-guided resection of plexiform neurofibromas: how I do it

Background Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) can determine pain, nerve function impairment, and, when extremely large, also deformity. Surgical is often partial, with possible recurrence, and the risk of malignant transformation. Method We describe the surgical strategy in a case of huge multiple plexiform neurofibromas of the left arm. We attempted to achieve a safe resection under the intraoperative guidance of fluorescein, with a dedicated microscope filter (YELLOW560). This technique can be also applied to other locations. Conclusion Fluorescein-guided surgery, coupled with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, increases the safe resection rate, considering the risks of neurological deficits and the possible malignant transformation.