期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL OF NETWORK SYSTEMS
卷 6, 期 2, 页码 763-774出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TCNS.2018.2873946
关键词
Energy harvesting; optimal water flow; second-order cone relaxation; water-energy nexus; water networks
资金
- Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy within the NODES Program [DE-AR0000695]
- DOE within the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions Program
Renewable surplus power is increasing due to the increasing penetration of these intermittent resources. In practice, electric grid operators either curtail the surplus energy resulting from renewable-based generations or utilize energy storage resources to absorb it. In this paper, we propose a framework for utilizing water pumps and tanks in water supply networks to absorb the surplus electrical energy resulting from renewable-based electricity generation resources in the electrical grid. We model water supply networks analytically, and propose a two-step procedure that utilizes the water tanks in the water supply network to harvest the surplus energy from an electrical grid. In each step, the water network operator needs to solve an optimization problem that is nonconvex. To compute optimal pump schedules and water flows, we develop a secondorder cone relaxation and an approximation technique that enable us to transform the proposed problems into mixed-integer second-order cone programs. We then provide the conditions under which the proposed relaxation is exact, and present an algorithm for constructing an exact solution to the original problem from a solution to the relaxed problem. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework via numerical simulations.
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