期刊
PEERJ
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PEERJ INC
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6752
关键词
Teeth; Gomphodont; Trirachodontids; Diademodontids; Dentition; Dental evolution; Cynodontia
资金
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, Palaeosciences grant [PPD2015/17CH, CoE2017-038]
- University Research Committee (URC) of the University of the Witwatersrand
- Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST)
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, Palaeosciences, an NRF African Origins Platform (AOP) grant [98800]
- NRF Competitive Support for Rated Researchers (CPRR) grant [98906]
- NRF
- CONICET
- Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica, Argentina [PICT 2015-2389]
Gomphodont cynodonts were close relatives of mammals and one of the Mesozoic lineages of cynodont therapsids that became extinct at the end of the Triassic. Gomphodonts were omnivorous to herbivorous animals characterized by labiolingually expanded postcanines, which allowed tooth-to-tooth occlusion. The morphology of the upper and lower postcanines presents important means of distinguishing among major lineages within Gomphodontia, that is, Diademodontidae, Trirachodontidae, and Traversodontidae, but the dentition of most Diademodontidae and Trirachodontidae remain poorly documented. Here, we present a comprehensive description of the dentition of each diademodontid and trirachodontid species, as well as detailed illustrations of each dental unit, after firsthand examination of material and 3D reconstructions of postcanine teeth. Based on dental morphology, Trirachodon berryi and Trirachodon kannemeyeri, considered as separate taxa by some authors are here interpreted as representing different ontogenetic stages of the same species. Likewise, Sinognathus and Beishanodon, thought to belong to non-cynognathian cynodonts and traversodontids by some authors, are referred to Trirachodontidae and Gomphodontia based on dental characters, respectively. Finally, we propose a standardized list of terms and abbreviations for incisors, canines, and postcanines anatomical entities, with the goal of facilitating future descriptions and communication between researchers studying the gomphodont dentition.
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