期刊
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00136
关键词
depression; anxiety disorder; neuron; gliotransmitters; astrocytes
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31671116, 31761163005, 81471164, 31800881, 91132306]
- International Big Science Program Cultivating Project of CAS [172644KYS820170004]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2015CB856402]
- External Cooperation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [172644KYSB20160057]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Science of CAS [QYZDB-SSW-SMC056]
- Shenzhen Government Basic Research Grants [JCYJ20160429190927063, JCYJ20170413165807008, JCYJ20170413164535041]
- Shenzhen Discipline Construction Project for Neurobiology [DRCSM [2016]1379]
- Guangdong Provincial Key ST Program [2018B030336001]
Mood disorders have multiple phenotypes and complex underlying biological mechanisms and, as such, there are no effective therapeutic strategies. A review of recent work on the role of astrocytes in mood disorders is thus warranted, which we embark on here. We argue that there is tremendous potential for novel strategies for therapeutic interventions based on the role of astrocytes. Astrocytes are traditionally considered to have supporting roles within the brain, yet emerging evidence has shown that astrocytes have more direct roles in influencing brain function. Notably, evidence from postmortem human brain tissues has highlighted changes in glial cell morphology, density and astrocyte-related biomarkers and genes following mood disorders, indicating astrocyte involvement in mood disorders. Findings from animal models strongly imply that astrocytes not only change astrocyte morphology and physiological characteristics but also influence neural circuits via synapse structure and formation. This review pays particular attention to interactions between astrocytes and neurons and argues that astrocyte dysfunction affects the monoaminergic system, excitatory-inhibitory balance and neurotrophic states of local networks. Together, these studies provide a foundation of knowledge about the exact role of astrocytes in mood disorders. Importantly, we then change the focus from neurons to glial cells and the interactions between the two, so that we can understand newly proposed mechanisms underlying mood disorders, and to identify more diagnostic indicators or effective targets for treatment of these diseases.
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