期刊
MATERIALS
卷 12, 期 14, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma12142317
关键词
titanium dioxide; nanoparticles; solubility; toxicity; skin; safety
类别
资金
- NIH [5SC1CA190504]
- UPR RP FIPI Grant from the office of the DEGI
- PBDT Grant from the office of the DEGI
- NIH RISE grant [5R25GM061151-17]
- NSF REU grants [1560278, 1757365]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [SC1CA190504] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Titanium is one of the most abundant elements in the earth's crust and while there are many examples of its bioactive properties and use by living organisms, there are few studies that have probed its biochemical reactivity in physiological environments. In the cosmetic industry, TiO2 nanoparticles are widely used. They are often incorporated in sunscreens as inorganic physical sun blockers, taking advantage of their semiconducting property, which facilitates absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Sunscreens are formulated to protect human skin from the redox activity of the TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and are mass-marketed as safe for people and the environment. By closely examining the biological use of TiO2 and the influence of biomolecules on its stability and solubility, we reassess the reactivity of the material in the presence and absence of UV energy. We also consider the alarming impact that TiO2 NP seepage into bodies of water can cause to the environment and aquatic life, and the effect that it can have on human skin and health, in general, especially if it penetrates into the human body and the bloodstream.
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