期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 11, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v11070591
关键词
zika virus; breast milk; transmission; breastfeeding
类别
资金
- Collaborative Research Centre grant of the German Research Foundation [316249678 - SFB 1279]
- Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung
- International Graduate School of Molecular Medicine Ulm
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes congenital neurologic birth defects, notably microcephaly, and has been associated with other serious complications in adults. The virus has been detected in human breast milk and possible transmissions via breastfeeding have been reported. Breast milk is rich in nutrients and bio-active substances that might directly affect viral infectivity. Thus, here, we analyzed the effect of human breast milk on ZIKV infection. We observed that fresh human breast milk had no effect on ZIKV, but found that upon storage, milk effectively suppressed infection. The antiviral activity is present in the fat-containing cream fraction of milk and results in the destruction of the structural integrity of viral particles, thereby abrogating infectivity. The release of the factor is time dependent but varies with donors and incubation temperatures. The viral titer of milk that was spiked with ZIKV decreased considerably upon storage at 37 degrees C for 8 h, was lost entirely after 2 days of 4 degrees C storage, but was not affected at -20 degrees C. This suggests that cold storage of milk inactivates ZIKV and that the antiviral factor in milk may also be generated upon breastfeeding and limit this transmission route of ZIKV.
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