1-Deoxynojirimycin, its potential for management of non-communicable metabolic diseases

Background: Consumption of mulberry leaves has been associated with better metabolic health in humans due to the presence of a biologically active plant metabolite, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ). Although levels of DNJ is low in mulberry leaves, easy availability of DNJ through microbial production has greatly facilitated research examining its mechanism of actions. Scope and approach: The present review sheds light on the recent trends in various routes of DNJ biosynthesis, its extraction methods, and its vital role in the management of non-communicable metabolic diseases. In the light of the previous research on DNJ and its health benefits, it is apposite to bring together the updated information and re-evaluate the important aspects of this important health molecule. Key findings and conclusions: This review summarizes and critically analyzes merits of various methods for DNJ extraction and purification as well as different routes of DNJ biosynthesis. Also, this review looks into its role in the management of different non-communicable metabolic diseases. Finally, the possible role of DNJ as a potential candidate for functional foods is explored.