CuO Nanoplates for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Batteries

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries because of the abundance and low cost of K. However, an important challenge faced by KIBs is the search for high-capacity materials that can hold large-diameter K ions. Herein, copper oxide (CuO) nanoplates are synthesized as high-performance anode materials for KIBs. CuO nanoplates with a thickness of approximate to 20 nm afford a large electrode-electrolyte contact interface and short K+ ion diffusion distance. As a consequence, a reversible capacity of 342.5 mAh g(-1) is delivered by the as-prepared CuO nanoplate electrode at 0.2 A g(-1). Even after 100 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g(-1), the capacity of the electrode remains over 206 mAh g(-1), which is among the best values for KIB anodes reported in the literature. Moreover, a conversion reaction occurs at the CuO anode. Cu nanoparticles form during the first potassiation process and reoxidize to Cu2O during the depotassiation process. Thereafter, the conversion reaction proceeds between the as-formed Cu2O and Cu, yielding a reversible theoretical capacity of 374 mAh g(-1). Considering their low cost, easy preparation, and environmental benignity, CuO nanoplates are promising KIB anode materials.