期刊
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
卷 82, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab28d6
关键词
Large Hadron Collider; long-lived particles; hierarchy problem; dark matter; baryogenesis; neutrinos; simplified models
资金
- National Science Foundation [PHY-1509257, NSF-PHY-1620628]
- Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics
- Collaborative Research Center of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB1258]
- DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'
- NSF [PHY-1720430, PHY1620074, NSF-PHY-1620074, PHY-1620638, PHY-1720252]
- DOE [DE-SC0017840, DE-SC0017938, DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-SC0015655, 5DE-AC02-05CH11231, de-sc0013607, DE-FG02-95ER40896]
- US Department of Energy [DE-SC0015634, DE-SC0008541]
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515, DE-SC0018191, DE-SC0011640, DE-FG02-13ER41976 (DE-SC0009913), DE-SC0011842]
- CONACyT-Mexico [CB 243290, 243290]
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- NSF CAREER Grant [PHY-1654502]
- Minerva Foundation
- Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF90]
- Chile Grants Fondecyt [1161463]
- Conicyt [PIA/ACT 1406]
- Basal [FB0821]
- Spanish MICINN [FPA2017-85216-P, SEV-2014-0398, PROMETEOII/2014/084]
- Israel Science Foundation [1112/17, 1111/17]
- Binational Science Foundation [2016155]
- I-CORE Program of the Planning Budgeting Committee [1937/12]
- German Israel Foundation [I-2487-303.7/2017]
- Azrieli Foundation
- DFG cluster of excellence EXC 153 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'
- Collaborative Research Center [SFB1258]
- University of California President's Postdoctoral Fellowship Program
- Korea NRF [2017R1D1A1B03030820, 2015R1A4A1042542]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-1316783, PHY-1002399]
- I-CORE Program of the Planning Budgeting Committee of the Israel Science Foundation [1937/12]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
- National Research Council of Canada
- NExT Institute
- STFC [CG ST/L000296/1]
- H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014 Grant [645722]
- European Research Council under the European Unions Horizon 2020 program (ERC) [648680 DARKHORIZONS]
- Programa Atraccion de Talento de la Comunidad de Madrid [2017-T1/TIC-5202, 2017-T2/TIC-5455]
- BSF
- ERC
- ISF
- Minerva
- Weizmann-UK Making Connections Program
- Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development
- Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation
- Laboratorio Nacional de Supercomputo del Sureste de Mexico
- VIEP-BUAP
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicas (IIF)
- Universidad Mayor de San Andres (UMSA)
- Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
- PITT PACC
- Cluster of Excellence PrecisionPhysics, Fundamental Interactions and Structure of Matter [PRISMA-EXC1098]
- 'Investissements d' avenir' program of the French ANR
- Labex 'ENIGMASS'
- IISN
- Belgian Science Policy [IAP VII/37]
- [17K14270]
- STFC [ST/P001246/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0018191] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2017R1D1A1B03030820, 2015R1A4A1042542] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
We examine the theoretical motivations for long-lived particle (LLP) signals at the LHC in a comprehensive survey of standard model (SM) extensions. LLPs are a common prediction of a wide range of theories that address unsolved fundamental mysteries such as naturalness, dark matter, baryogenesis and neutrino masses, and represent a natural and generic possibility for physics beyond the SM (BSM). In most cases the LLP lifetime can be treated as a free parameter from the mu m scale up to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis limit of similar to 10(7) m. Neutral LLPs with lifetimes above similar to 100 m are particularly difficult to probe, as the sensitivity of the LHC main detectors is limited by challenging backgrounds, triggers, and small acceptances. MATHUSLA is a proposal for a minimally instrumented, large-volume surface detector near ATLAS or CMS. It would search for neutral LLPs produced in HL-LHC collisions by reconstructing displaced vertices (DVs) in a low-background environment, extending the sensitivity of the main detectors by orders of magnitude in the long-lifetime regime. We study the LLP physics opportunities afforded by a MATHUSLA-like detector at the HL-LHC, assuming backgrounds can be rejected as expected. We develop a model-independent approach to describe the sensitivity of MATHUSLA to BSM LLP signals, and compare it to DV and missing energy searches at ATLAS or CMS. We then explore the BSM motivations for LLPs in considerable detail, presenting a large number of new sensitivity studies. While our discussion is especially oriented towards the long-lifetime regime at MATHUSLA, this survey underlines the importance of a varied LLP search program at the LHC in general. By synthesizing these results into a general discussion of the top-down and bottom-up motivations for LLP searches, it is our aim to demonstrate the exceptional strength and breadth of the physics case for the construction of the MATHUSLA detector.
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