Petroleum accumulation conditions of the Paleogene Shahejie formation in Qingdong Sag of Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China

Qingdong Sag is a potential area for oil and gas exploration in Bohai Bay Basin of Northern China. In order to find a direction for the subsequent exploration of Jiyang Depression, oil and gas accumulation conditions of Qingdong Sag are studied in details by using geochemistry, sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology, and petroleum geology methods, integrated with geological, seismic, and testing data. The results show that the Shahejie Formation in the Qingdong Sag was mainly deposited in deltaic and lacustrine settings. The upper part of member 4 of the Shahejie Formation formed in delta, beach bar, low stand fan, and submarine fan. Three tectonic settings (extensional, strike-slip, and extension and strike-slip compound) were recognized. Accumulation of oil and gas in Qingdong Sag is influenced by structures and reservoir and cap rock conditions. Six oil and gas accumulation systems were found, which are north fault terrace-north subdepression oil and gas accumulation system, west slope belt and gas accumulation system, middle Horst oil and gas accumulation system, south Horst oil and gas accumulation system, drape structural belt of Qingdong 2 well oil and gas accumulation system, and Qingnan area oil and gas accumulation system. Members 3 and 4 of the Shahejie Formation are the main target of hydrocarbon source rocks because the organic matter abundance is up to the standard of good hydrocarbon source rocks. The north of the Qingdong Sag and second slope-break belt should be the key objectives of exploration in the future.