Macroscopic modeling for convection of Hybrid nanofluid with magnetic effects

Hybrid nanofluid free convection within a permeable media was presented with CVFEM (control volume finite element method) including magnetic effect. Momentum equations have been updated with adding non-Darcy model terms. Hybrid nanoparticles (Fe3O4+MWCNT) with a base fluid of water have been considered. Impacts of Darcy number, magnetic, radiation, and Rayleigh number on migration of nanomaterial were depicted. A numerical and graphical comparison is also presented to make sure that the present analysis is correct. From the graphical results it is found that radiation parameter and magnetic boosts the Nusselt number whereas the magnetic effect shows converse relation. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.