A novel modified whale optimization algorithm for load frequency controller design of a two-area power system composing of PV grid and thermal generator

This paper proposes a modified approach to the original whale optimization algorithm which is a nature-inspired swarm-based optimization algorithm known as the modified whale optimization (MWOA) algorithm. The superiority of proposed modified algorithm over original algorithm in terms of implementation time and solution quality is compared by taking several benchmark test functions. Further, the real application of the said approach in the engineering field is carried out by designing a PID with derivative (PIDF) controller for frequency regulation of a the most realistic scenario of automatic generation control of a two-area interconnected power system composing of a PV grid and a thermal generator. It is observed that MWOA-based PIDF controller is more effective for the load frequency control compared to conventional PID controller.