期刊
NATURE PHOTONICS
卷 13, 期 9, 页码 588-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-019-0463-x
关键词
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Conventional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) face an efficiency droop at low current due to non-radiative recombination overtaking radiative recombination at low carrier density. To overcome this universal problem, we develop LEDs with high efficiency at ultralow current and voltage, using a novel quantum well design and high-quality interfaces to suppress non-radiative recombination and enhance radiative recombination. The device exhibits close to unity internal quantum efficiency at a low current density of <1 x 10(-4) A cm(-2) , more than three orders of magnitude lower than conventional LEDs. The LED bias voltage is reduced to -30% below the photon voltage (h nu / q). Wireless communication is demonstrated at these low-power conditions, which enables new applications in smart dust and sensor networks(1-6), low-cost block chain and authentication(7-9), medical applications(10,)(11) and wherever high efficiency at low power is needed. New phenomena such as high-efficiency electroluminescent cooling becomes possible as the LED unity internal quantum efficiency extends to smaller voltage and current.
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