Graphene oxide functionalized with chitosan based nanoparticles as a carrier of siRNA in regulating Bcl-2 expression on Saos-2 & MG-63 cancer cells and its inflammatory response on bone marrow derived cells from mice

Presently, quite a lot of research that are being carried out to find a potential cure for cancer and many had made to clinical trial stage as well. In the present study, we focus on use of a novel graphene oxide functionalized chitosan nanoparticle targeting Saos-2 and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The graphene oxide chitosan nano particles were loaded with siRNA, studied for in vitro release with varying concentration & pH, and fitted to peppas model. MIT & ROS assay was used to evaluate biocompatibility of carrier and qPCR to study the inflammatory responses in particular checking gene expression of IL-6, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha in both RAW 264.7 and bone marrow derived macrophages. The results of study showed that release of siRNA were in a controlled fashion and effective at acidic pH that prevails on tumor site. The material was biocompatible and effective in case of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with a viability of 0.4 +/- 0.43 and 0.49 +/- 0.53 in case of MG-63 cells when treated with highest concentration of 100 mu l siRNA compared to untreated cells that were in range of 0.64 +/- 0.67 in Saos-2 and 0.61 +/- 0.63 in MG-63 cells. The results of expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TGF-beta & TNF-alpha showed negligible amount compared to control group serving the purpose of an effective carrier targeting tumor cells.