Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of T2DM in Chinese premenopausal and postmenopausal women

Objective: This study was to analyse the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 3227 women met the requirements from June to December in 2014, including 207 cases of premenopausal women and 3020 cases of postmenopausal women. The prevalence of T2DM and the associated risk factors in the two groups were analysed. Results: The prevalence of premenopausal women with T2DM was 12.1%, while the prevalence in postmenopausal women was 19.4% (P<0.05). Total serum protein (TP) (OR=1.164 95% CI=1.023-1.324) (P=0.021) is a major risk factor for premenopausal women with T2DM. The prevalence of T2DM increased with the increase in TP. In postmenopausal groups, the prevalence of T2DM was associated with age (OR=1.037 95% CI=1.024-1.051) (P<0.001), BMI (OR=1.076 95% CI=1.044-1.109) (P<0.001), blood pressure (OR=1.521 95% CI=1.234-1.875) (P<0.001), triglycerides (TG) (OR=1.106 95% CI=1.027-1.190) (P=0.008), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (OR=1.065 95% CI=1.004-1.129) (P=0.036), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR=1.009 95% CI=1.003-1.016) (P=0.004) and TP (OR=1.031 95% CI=1.005-1.057) (P=0.018). Conclusions: Postmenopausal women have a higher rate of type 2 diabetes than premenopausal women. TP is a major risk factor for premenopausal women with T2DM. TP, ALT, and BUN are postmenopausal risk factors in addition to traditional risk factors such as obesity, lipidaemia and blood pressure. We should monitor risk factors and take early prevention and intervention measures to reduce the prevalence of diabetes and improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women.