Microstructural freezing of highly NIR transparent Y2O3-MgO nanocomposite via pressure-assisted two-step sintering

Y2O3-MgO nanocomposite has attracted attention for use in infrared windows and domes. However, the large difference in refractive index between the two phases of this materials phases induces inevitable grain boundary scattering. To overcome this drawback, it is indispensable to greatly reduce the grain size and eliminate residual pores. Two-step sintering has been extensively used to produce fine-grained ceramics, but long incubation time and an additional process are required. As a robust approach, pressure-assisted two-step consolidation of Y2O3-MgO nanocomposite ceramics is investigated to achieve full density while retaining domain size. A sintering path for pressure-assisted two-step sintering and related kinetic window are obtained for the first time. By effectively suppressing grain growth and eliminating residual pores via two-step hot-pressing, outstanding mid-and near-infrared transmittance were achieved. The results indicate that pressure-assisted two-step sintering is a promising alternative strategy that can decrease the domain size and achieve full density of ceramics.