Lone-Pair Electron-Driven Thermoelectrics at Room Temperature

Identifying materials with good electron transport and poor thermal transport properties for thermoelectric applications has been challenging. Here we report a series of new materials including Tl3TaSe4 and TI3VS4 with promising thermoelectric properties giving thermoelectric figure of merit, zT approximate to 0.8 at room temperature using first-principles calculations. This high zT stems from the high electrical conductivity and ultralow thermal conductivity (kappa). We calculate kappa approximate to 0.1-0.2 W/m.K from a phonon Boltzmann's transport equation and kappa approximate to 0.3-0.4 W/m.K from the two-channel model. Low phonon group velocities due to weakly bonded Tl atoms and strong anharmonicity associated with s2 lone electrons pair give rise to such a low lc in these systems.