期刊
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 149, 期 8, 页码 1424-1433出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz076
关键词
vegetables; fruits; dietary fiber; cognitive function; CARDIA study; longitudinal study
资金
- Coronary Artery Risk Development
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham [HHSN268201300025C, HHSN268201300026C]
- Northwestern University [HHSN268201300027C]
- University of Minnesota [HHSN268201300028C]
- Kaiser Foundation Research Institute [HHSN268201300029C]
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [HHSN268200900041C]
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA)
- NIA
- NHLBI [AG0005]
- NIH [R01DK116603, R01AG056111]
Background: Vegetables and fruits (VF) may differentially affect cognitive functions, presumably due to their various nutrient contents, but evidence from epidemiologic studies is limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the long-term association between VF intakes, including VF subgroups, in young adulthood and cognitive function in midlife. Methods: A biracial cohort of 3231 men and women aged 18-30 y at baseline in 1985-1986 were followed up for 25 y in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Diet was measured at baseline, and in examination years 7 and 20. Cognitive function was assessed at examination year 25 through the use of 3 tests: the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and the Stroop test. The mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs in cognitive scores across intake categories were estimated through the use of the multivariable-adjusted general linear regression model. Results: Excluding potatoes, intake of whole vegetables was significantly associated with a better cognitive performance after adjustment for potential confounders in all 3 cognitive tests (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1-RAVLT, MD: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.64; P-trend = 0.08; DSST, MD: 2.84; 95% CI: 0.93, 4.75; P-trend < 0.01; Stroop test, MD: -2.87; 95% CI: -4.24, -1.50; P-trend < 0.01]. Similarly, intake of fruits, except fruit juices, was significantly related to a better cognitive performance (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1-DSST, MD: 2.41; 95% CI: 0.70, 4.12; P-trend = 0.03). Conclusions: This study supports the long-term benefits of VF consumption on cognitive performance, except those VF with relatively low fiber content such as potatoes and fruit juices, among the middle-aged US general population.
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