Performance improvement of distribution networks using the demand response resources

Despite a great focus of attention dedicated to demand response (DR) resources, their potential benefits for the distribution networks have not yet been quantitatively studied. Considering the DR programmes in the present study, the load profile is determined for a real distribution network and the impacts of the DR resources on different aspects of the network operation such as the power losses, voltage profile, and reliability are evaluated. For doing so, two different types of customers are considered at first. Some data loggers are then installed on two real distribution feeders in Golpayegan city and the maximum load profile is selected with a comparison of the recorded load profiles. Based on the given mathematical equations, a new load profile is obtained using the proposed DR programmes. Both load profiles, before and after doing the DR programmes, are applied to the above-mentioned real network and the system is simulated using the CYME software. The simulation results show well that the DR resources are able to reduce peak demand, thereby alleviating the need to operate high-cost high-emission generation units. In this study, time of use and emergency DR programmes are considered together.