期刊
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
卷 129, 期 -, 页码 153-161出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.041
关键词
Seafood; Bioaccessibility; Okadaic acid; Azaspiracids; Domoic acid; PSP toxins; Tetrodotoxins
资金
- European Union [311820]
- European Regional Development Fund
- CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya
- ECsafeSEAFOOD project
- Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) [PD/BD/113484/2015]
- FCT
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PD/BD/113484/2015] Funding Source: FCT
This study aimed to assess the bioaccessibility of different marine biotoxins in naturally contaminated shellfish and fish gonads using an in vitro digestion methodology. In general, hydrophilic toxins (domoic acid, paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins and tetrodotoxins) showed higher bioaccessibility than lipophilic ones (okadaic acid and azaspiracids). The bioaccessibility of toxins from the okadaic acid group ranged from 69% (raw European razor clams) to 74% (raw donax clams). Regarding azaspiracids, 47% of the initial content was bioaccessible in steamed blue mussel. As for hydrophilic toxins, 100% of the initial content was bioaccessible after digestion in raw shellfish and puffer fish gonads. The total tetrodotoxin bioaccessibility in puffer fish gonads decreased significantly after steaming. The profile of tetrodotoxins changed during the digestion process: TTX and 11-norTTX-6S-ol analogues decreased significantly after digestion, but the 5,6,11-trideoxy TTX analogue increased in both raw and steamed puffer fish gonads. These preliminary findings confirm the need to consider bioaccessibility data in future seafood risk assessment, as such information enables a more accurate and realistic estimation of potential seafood hazards, particularly in what concerns lipophilic toxins, therefore, constituting a crucial tool in the refinement of regulatory limits for the presence of biotoxins in seafood.
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