Early response to the treatment of choroidal neovascularization complicating central serous chorioretinopathy: a OCT-angiography study

Purpose To analyze the quantitative and qualitative early changes of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) after treatment using optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A). Methods Charts of consecutive patients with diagnosis of chronic CSC complicated by CNV were retrospectively reviewed. Included patients were divided in photodynamic therapy (PDT) or aflibercept group on the basis of the treatment received (half-fluence PDT or aflibercept 2.0 mg/0.05 ml intravitreal injection). Main outcome measures included the changes between baseline and 1-month follow-up in CNV vessel density (VD) and area on OCT-A images after thresholding and binarization. Results A total of 30 eyes of 26 Caucasian patients were included: 17 eyes of 15 patients in PDT group (mean age 53 +/- 11 years) and 13 eyes of 11 patients in aflibercept group (mean age 58 +/- 8 years [p = 0.196]). In both PDT and aflibercept groups, best-corrected visual acuity improved at 1 month, and central macular thickness and subretinal fluid significantly decreased. VD did not change after the treatment in both groups (p = 0.502 and p = 0.086) although CNV area decreased significantly (from 0.586 +/- 0.449 mm(2) to 0.553 +/- 0.453 mm(2) [0.041]) in the PDT group, and nonsignificantly (from 0.767 +/- 0.466 mm(2) to 0.733 +/- 0.472 mm(2) [p = 0.095]) in the aflibercept group. The same results were confirmed in the subanalysis of the 18 treatment-naive eyes. Conclusions We demonstrated that, despite all patients showed a favorable clinical response, VD of CNVs complicating chronic CSC did not change after treatment. These findings support the idea that arteriogenesis is the main driving force of CNV in pachychoroid-related macular disorders.