Design, preparation and characterization of Cu/GA/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles as a catalyst for the synthesis of benzodiazepines and imidazoles

The synthesis and characterization of an efficient and reusable nanocatalyst, Cu/GA/Fe3O4@SiO2, obtained by ultrasonic-assisted grafting of guanidineacetic acid on modified Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanocomposite spheres and subsequent immobilization of Cu(II), are described. The catalyst was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The prepared nanocatalyst facilitated an efficient and straightforward friendly procedure for the synthesis of benzodiazepines and imidazoles in ethanol and under solvent-free conditions, respectively. The nanocatalyst can be easily recovered using a magnet and reused several times without any significant loss of activity. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.