期刊
MICROBIOME
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0687-5
关键词
Microbiome; HIV-1; acute HIV-1 infection; HIV-1 pathogenesis; AIDS
类别
资金
- Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [PI13/02514]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Red de SIDA [RD16/0025/0041]
- ISCIII
- ERDF, Investing in your future
- FI-DGR grant from Agencia de Gestio d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) at the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya [FI-B00184]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain [MTM2015-64465-C2-1-R]
BackgroundIn rhesus macaques, simian immunodeficiency virus infection is followed by expansion of enteric viruses but has a limited impact on the gut bacteriome. To understand the longitudinal effects of HIV-1 infection on the human gut microbiota, we prospectively followed 49 Mozambican subjects diagnosed with recent HIV-1 infection (RHI) and 54 HIV-1-negative controls for 9-18months and compared them with 98 chronically HIV-1-infected subjects treated with antiretrovirals (n = 27) or not (n = 71).ResultsWe show that RHI is followed by increased fecal adenovirus shedding, which persists during chronic HIV-1 infection and does not resolve with ART. Recent HIV-1 infection is also followed by transient non-HIV-specific changes in the gut bacterial richness and composition. Despite early resilience to change, an HIV-1-specific signature in the gut bacteriomefeaturing depletion of Akkermansia, Anaerovibrio, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridiumpreviously associated with chronic inflammation, CD8+ T cell anergy, and metabolic disorders, can be eventually identified in chronically HIV-1-infected subjects.ConclusionsRecent HIV-1 infection is associated with increased fecal shedding of eukaryotic viruses, transient loss of bacterial taxonomic richness, and long-term reductions in microbial gene richness. An HIV-1-associated microbiome signature only becomes evident in chronically HIV-1-infected subjects.
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