期刊
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
卷 72, 期 -, 页码 143-183出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.11.007
关键词
Hydroxymethylfurfural; Levulinic acid; Microwave heating; Biorefinery; Synthetic pathways
资金
- McGill University
- National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT)
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) are two of the most promising chemicals derived from biomass owing to their convertibility into a large number of chemicals having applications in diverse industries. Their transition from niche products to mass-produced chemicals, however, requires their production from sustainable biomass feedstocks at low costs using environment-friendly techniques. In this review, the numerous reaction systems that have been developed to produce HMF and LA from various substrates have been looked at and their merits, demerits and requirements for commercialisation outlined. Special attention has been paid to microwave irradiation-heated systems due to their dual advantages of high product yields and low environmental footprint. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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