Plasma Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein Predicts Lung Dysfunction After Cardiovascular Surgery Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Prospective Observational Study

Background: Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) has been identified as an inflammatory mediator that exerts its function in inflammatory diseases. However, the roles of CIRP in patients who received cardiovascular surgery necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are still unknown. The aim of this study was to examine CIRP levels and attempt to evaluate whether CIRP could serve as a predictor for lung dysfunction after cardiovascular surgery. Material/Methods: Plasma CIRP levels were detected by ELISA in 31 patients who received cardiovascular surgery at different time points. Selective inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, and TLR4) and mediators (Ang II, PAI-1, and soluble E-selectin) were also detected. Selective laboratory and clinical parameters were recorded at scheduled time points. Results: Compared with pre-operation levels, CIRP levels significantly increased 6 h after cardiovascular surgery with CPB. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the length of CPB time contributed to CIRP production (P= 0.013). Furthermore, CIRP was associated with Ang II (r= 0.438, P= 0.016), PAI-1 (r= 0.485, P= 0.006), and soluble E-selectin (r= 0.470, P= 0.008), which partly reflected lung injuries. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CIRP levels were independently associated with PaO2/FiO(2) ratios (P= 0.021). Conclusions: The length of CPB time contributed to the upregulation of CIRP in patients who received cardiovascular surgery with CPB. CIRP levels could serve as a biomarker to predict the onset of lung injury induced by cardiovascular surgery.