期刊
MATERIALS
卷 12, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma12081269
关键词
cellulose nanofibrils; ionic polymer-metal composites; Nafion((R)); physical and mechanical properties
类别
资金
- NSF REU Project through the University of Maine's Forest Bioproducts Research Institute [1461116]
- USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, McIntire-Stennis project through the Maine Agricultural & Forest Experiment Station [ME041616]
- Div Of Engineering Education and Centers
- Directorate For Engineering [1461116] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Herein, we report the production of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) hybridized with cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) as a partial substitute for Nafion((R)). The aim is not only to reduce the production cost and enhance respective mechanical/thermal properties but also to bestow a considerable degree of biodegradability to such products. Formulations with different CNF/Nafion((R)) ratios were produced in a thin-film casting process. Crack-free films were air-dried and plated by platinum (Pt) through an oxidation-reduction reaction. The produced hybrids were analyzed in terms of thermal stability, mechanical and morphological aspects to examine their performance compared to the Nafion-based IPMC prior to plating process. Results indicated that films with higher CNF loadings had improved tensile strengths and elastic moduli but reduced ductility. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the incorporation of CNF to the matrix reduced its thermal stability almost linearly, however, the onset of decomposition point remained above 120 degrees C, which was far above the temperature the composite membrane is expected to be exposed to. The addition of a cross-linking agent to the formulations helped with maintaining the integrity of the membranes during the plating process, thereby improving surface conductivity. The focus of the current study was on the physical and morphological properties of the films, and the presented data advocate the potential utilization of CNF as a nontoxic and sustainable bio-polymer for blending with perfluorosulfonic acid-based co-polymers, such as Nafion((R)), to be used in electroactive membranes.
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