期刊
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 97, 期 -, 页码 47-54出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.04.003
关键词
Regeneration; Injury; Enhancers; Transcriptional regulation; Epigenetics; Tumor; Development; Wound healing
资金
- Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education start-up fund [AAC6429]
- UW-Madison Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center start-up fund [AAC8979]
- School of Medicine and Public Health start-up fund [AAC8355]
- Cell and Regenerative Biology start-up fund
- American Heart Association grant [AHA16SDG30020001]
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Support Grant [P30 CA014520]
Regeneration, an ability to replace lost body parts, is widespread across animal species. While mammals poorly regenerate most tissues, teleost fish and urodele amphibians possess remarkable regenerative capacity. Earlier work demonstrated that genes driving regeneration are evolutionarily conserved, indicating that a key factor in diverse tissue regeneration is not the presence or absence of regeneration-driving genes but the mechanisms controlling activation of these genes after injury. Thus, understanding the regulatory events of tissue regeneration could provide the means for unlocking latent capacities for tissue regeneration. After injury, cells undergo extensive epigenetic changes to establish new transcriptional programs for tissue regeneration. Gene transcription in eukaryotes is a complicated process that requires specific interactions between trans-acting regulators and cis-regulatory DNA elements. Among cis-regulatory elements, enhancers are essential to control precise gene expression. Recently, multiple regeneration/injury-associated enhancers have been identified in several model organisms. In this review, we highlight recently discovered regeneration/injury enhancers and their specific characteristics. We also discuss how abnormal regulation of regeneration enhancers influences animal development and physiology. Investigation of regeneration enhancers potentially allows us to begin understanding the fundamental biology of tissue regeneration and inspires new solutions for manipulating regenerative ability.
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