期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 116, 期 23, 页码 11247-11252出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821207116
关键词
single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy; photosynthetic light harvesting; nonphotochemical quenching; protein dynamics
资金
- NIH [NIH9P41EB015871]
- Center for Quantum Molecular Design Phase I Center for Chemical Innovation Grant from the NSF [CHE-1740645]
- Marie Curie Actions Initial Training Networks Solar Energy to Biomass (SE2B) [675006-SE2B]
- Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN) HARVEST [201795SBA3-004]
Biological systems are subjected to continuous environmental fluctuations, and therefore, flexibility in the structure and function of their protein building blocks is essential for survival. Protein dynamics are often local conformational changes, which allows multiple dynamical processes to occur simultaneously and rapidly in individual proteins. Experiments often average over these dynamics and their multiplicity, preventing identification of the molecular origin and impact on biological function. Green plants survive under high light by quenching excess energy, and Light-Harvesting Complex Stress Related 1 (LHCSR1) is the protein responsible for quenching in moss. Here, we expand an analysis of the correlation function of the fluorescence life-time by improving the estimation of the life-time states and by developing a multicomponent model correlation function, and we apply this analysis at the single-molecule level. Through these advances, we resolve previously hidden rapid dynamics, including multiple parallel processes. By applying this technique to LHCSR1, we identify and quantitate parallel dynamics on hundreds of microseconds and tens of milliseconds timescales, likely at two quenching sites within the protein. These sites are individually controlled in response to fluctuations in sunlight, which provides robust regulation of the light-harvesting machinery. Considering our results in combination with previous structural, spectroscopic, and computational data, we propose specific pigments that serve as the quenching sites. These findings, therefore, provide a mechanistic basis for quenching, illustrating the ability of this method to uncover protein function.
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