期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 116, 期 23, 页码 11187-11194出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821029116
关键词
climate change; carbon capture and utilization; chemicals; renewable energy; circular economy
资金
- Climate Knowledge and Innovation Community by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology
- German Academic Exchange Service through its thematic network ACalNet - German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through Science to Achieve Results Program [83557907]
Chemical production is set to become the single largest driver of global oil consumption by 2030. To reduce oil consumption and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, carbon dioxide can be captured from stacks or air and utilized as alternative carbon source for chemicals. Here, we show that carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has the technical potential to decouple chemical production from fossil resources, reducing annual GHG emissions by up to 3.5 Gt CO2-eq in 2030. Exploiting this potential, however, requires more than 18.1 PWh of low-carbon electricity, corresponding to 55% of the projected global electricity production in 2030. Most large-scale CCU technologies are found to be less efficient in reducing GHG emissions per unit low-carbon electricity when benchmarked to power-to-X efficiencies reported for other large-scale applications including electro-mobility (e-mobility) and heat pumps. Once and where these other demands are satisfied, CCU in the chemical industry could efficiently contribute to climate change mitigation.
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