期刊
NATURE
卷 568, 期 7751, 页码 198-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1079-5
关键词
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资金
- 973 Program [2015CB857004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11473026, NSFC-11890693, NSFC-11421303]
- CAS Frontier Science Key Research Program [QYZDJ-SSW-SLH006]
- China Scholarship Council (CSC)-Leiden University Joint Scholarship Program
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M600485]
- K. C. Wong Education Foundation
- KIAA-CAS Fellowship - Peking University
- KIAA-CAS Fellowship - Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chandra X-ray Center [AR8-19016X]
- NASA grant [NNX17AF07G]
- NASA ADP grant [80NSSC18K0878]
- V.M. Willaman Endowment
- National Key RAMP
- D Program of China [2016YFA0400702, NSFC-11673010]
- National Thousand Young Talents programme of China
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFA0404204, NSFC-11833003]
- CONICyT-Chile [Basal AFB-170002, FONDECyT Regular 1141218, FONDO ALMA 31160033]
- Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]
- CONICyT
- CASSACA through CAS-CONICyT fund
- NASA [NNX17AF07G, 1002254] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
Mergers of neutron stars are known to be associated with short gamma-ray bursts(1-4). If the neutron-star equation of state is sufficiently stiff (that is, the pressure increases sharply as the density increases), at least some such mergers will leave behind a supramassive or even a stable neutron star that spins rapidly with a strong magnetic field(5-8) (that is, a magnetar). Such a magnetar signature may have been observed in the form of the X-ray plateau that follows up to half of observed short gamma-ray bursts(9,10). However, it has been expected that some X-ray transients powered by binary neutron-star mergers may not be associated with a short gamma-ray burst(11,12). A fast X-ray transient (CDF-S XT1) was recently found to be associated with a faint host galaxy, the redshift of which is unknown(13). Its X-ray and host-galaxy properties allow several possible explanations including a short gamma-ray burst seen off-axis, a low-luminosity gamma-ray burst at high redshift, or a tidal disruption event involving an intermediate-mass black hole and a white dwarf(13). Here we report a second X-ray transient, CDF-S XT2, that is associated with a galaxy at redshift z = 0.738 (ref.(14)). The measured light curve is fully consistent with the X-ray transient being powered by a millisecond magnetar. More intriguingly, CDF-S XT2 lies in the outskirts of its star-forming host galaxy with a moderate offset from the galaxy centre, as short gamma-ray bursts often do(15,16). The estimated event-rate density of similar X-ray transients, when corrected to the local value, is consistent with the event-rate density of binary neutron-star mergers that is robustly inferred from the detection of the gravitational-wave event GW170817.
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