期刊
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
卷 65, 期 8, 页码 3714-3736出版社
INFORMS
DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2018.3131
关键词
relative performance feedback; ranking; natural field experiment; school performance
资金
- Ministerio de Economia y Competicion [ECO 2012-34581, ECO 2012-31358]
- Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [ECO2015-66027-P MINECO/FEDER]
- Departamento de Educacion and Politica Linguistica y Cultura del Gobierno Vasco [IT869-13]
- ESRC [ES/M010341/1] Funding Source: UKRI
This paper studies the effect of providing feedback to college students on their position in the grade distribution by using a natural field experiment. This information was updated every six months during a three-year period. We find that greater grades transparency decreases educational performance, as measured by the number of examinations passed and grade point average (GPA). However, self-reported satisfaction, as measured by surveys conducted after feedback is provided but before students take their examinations, increases. We provide a theoretical framework to understand these results, focusing on the role of prior beliefs and using out-of-trial surveys to test the model. In the absence of treatment, a majority of students underestimate their position in the grade distribution, suggesting that the updated information is good news for many students. Moreover, the negative effect on performance is driven by those students who underestimate their position in the absence of feedback. Students who overestimate initially their position, if anything, respond positively. The performance effects are short lived-by the time students graduate, they have similar accumulated GPA and graduation rates.
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