Comparison between 8-and 32-channel phased-array receive coils for in vivo hyperpolarized C-13 imaging of the human brain

PurposeTo compare the performance of an 8-channel surface coil/clamshell transmitter and 32-channel head array coil/birdcage transmitter for hyperpolarized C-13 brain metabolic imaging. MethodsTo determine the field homogeneity of the radiofrequency transmitters, B-1+ mapping was performed on an ethylene glycol head phantom and evaluated by means of the double angle method. Using a 3D echo-planar imaging sequence, coil sensitivity and noise-only phantom data were acquired with the 8- and 32-channel receiver arrays, and compared against data from the birdcage in transceiver mode. Multislice frequency-specific C-13 dynamic echo-planar imaging was performed on a patient with a brain tumor for each hardware configuration following injection of hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was evaluated from pre-whitened phantom and temporally summed patient data after coil combination based on optimal weights. ResultsThe birdcage transmitter produced more uniform B-1+ compared with the clamshell: 0.07 versus 0.12 (fractional error). Phantom experiments conducted with matched lateral housing separation demonstrated 8- versus 32-channel mean transceiver-normalized SNR performance: 0.91 versus 0.97 at the head center; 6.67 versus 2.08 on the sides; 0.66 versus 2.73 at the anterior; and 0.67 versus 3.17 on the posterior aspect. While the 8-channel receiver array showed SNR benefits along lateral aspects, the 32-channel array exhibited greater coverage and a more uniform coil-combined profile. Temporally summed, parameter-normalized patient data showed SNRmean,slice ratios (8-channel/32-channel) ranging 0.5-2.00 from apical to central brain. White matter lactate-to-pyruvate ratios were conserved across hardware: 0.45 0.12 (8-channel) versus 0.43 +/- 0.14 (32-channel). ConclusionThe 8- and 32-channel hardware configurations each have advantages in particular brain anatomy.