期刊
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
卷 75, 期 2, 页码 403-413出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz042
关键词
General Health Questionnaire; Longitudinal analysis; Occupational cohort study; Work exit; Working environment
资金
- UK Economic and Social Research Council under the Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Cross-Council Programme initiative [ES/L002892/1]
- UK Medical Research Council, under the Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Cross-Council Programme initiative [ES/L002892/1]
- UK Economic and Social Research Council [ES/R008930/1]
- ESRC [ES/L002892/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/R024227/1, G0902037, MR/K013351/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Objectives Retirement could be a stressor or a relief. We stratify according to previous psychosocial working conditions to identify short-term and long-term changes in mental health. Method Using data from the Whitehall II study on British civil servants who retired during follow-up (n = 4,751), we observe mental health (General Health Questionnaire [GHQ] score) on average 8.2 times per participant, spanning up 37 years. We differentiate short-term (0-3 years) and long-term (4+ years) changes in mental health according to retirement and investigate whether trajectories differ by psychosocial job demands, work social support, decision authority, and skill discretion. Results Each year, mental health slightly improved before retirement (-0.070; 95% CI [-0.080, -0.059]; higher values on the GHQ score are indicative of worse mental health), and retirees experienced a steep short-term improvement in mental health after retirement (-0.253; 95% CI [-0.302, -0.205]), but no further significant long-term changes (0.017; 95% CI [-0.001, 0.035]). Changes in mental health were more explicit when retiring from poorer working conditions; this is higher psychosocial job demands, lower decision authority, or lower work social support. Discussion Retirement was generally beneficial for health. The association between retirement and mental health was dependent on the context individuals retire from.
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