Physical aspects of Darcy-Forchheimer bidirectional flow in carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs)

Purpose This paper aims to examine the three-dimensional (3D) flow of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to bidirectional nonlinearly stretching surface by considering porous medium. Characteristics of both single-walled CNTs and multi-walled CNTs are discussed by considering Xue model. Darcy-Forchheimer model is used for flow saturating porous medium. Design/methodology/approach Optimal homotopy analysis method is used for the development of series solutions. Findings The authors deal with 3D Darcy-Forchheimer flow of CNTs over a nonlinearly stretching surface. Heat transport mechanism is discussed in the presence of Xue model. The homogeneous and heterogeneous effects are also accounted. The mathematical modeling is computed using boundary-layer approximations. Originality/value No such work has been done yet in the literature.