期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
卷 78, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12665-019-8240-1
关键词
Check dam; Fingerprinting method; Sediment yield; Sediment sources; Loess Plateau
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41671279]
- National Key Scientific Research Project [2016YFC0402401]
- special program for Key Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology [2014FY210100]
- West Light foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XAB2017A03]
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation and Exchange Projects in Shaanxi Province [2017KW-043]
Quantitative assessment of sediment yield and sources is of great importance for future soil and water conservation and watershed management in erosion-prone areas. This study investigated sediment yield and sources by using a simple fingerprinting method in a dam-controlled watershed on the northern Loess Plateau. The sampling sediment profile exhibited 24 flood couplets corresponding to rainfall storms from 2001 to 2014. A total of 2.05 x 10(5) t sediment was trapped during the period. The annual sediment yield varied from 0 to 430 t ha(-1) year(-1), with an average annual sediment yield of 146.1 t ha(-1) year(-1). Ten sediment properties (i.e., sigma C-13, sigma N-15, TOC, TN, C/N, X-lf, X-hf, X-fd, Cs-137, Pb-210) were potentially selected to identify the sediment sources. The multivariate discriminant function analysis (DFA) test suggested that three soil properties (X-hf, TN, and Cs-137) comprised the optimum composite fingerprinting. The results demonstrated that sandstone contributed nearly 90% of sediment in 2012 and 56.1% in 2003. The contribution from arable land varied from 5.2% in 2005 to 44.6% within the period of 2013-2014. On average, approximately 74.06% of sediment originated from the weathered sandstone, followed by 15.67% from arable land, and the remaining 10.27% from uncultivated land. Our finding indicated that bare sandstone was the main sediment source, leading to relatively high sediment yield in the study area. This study provides a method with great potential for sediment yields assessment and sediment source identification in ungauged watersheds on the Loess Plateau.
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