期刊
ENERGY
卷 180, 期 -, 页码 918-933出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.122
关键词
Heat pumps; District heating; Energy system analyses; Energy planning; Decarbonisation; Levelized cost of heat
资金
- project progRESsHEAT as part of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [646573]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [646573] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
This paper discusses different decarbonisation scenarios for an existing district heating (DH) network supplied by coal-fired combined heat and power plants in Germany. Integrating higher shares of renewable heat is indispensable in reaching the climate goal and CO2 emission reduction targets. The study analyses the technical and economic aspects of integrating various technologies such as solar thermal, biomass boilers, waste incineration plant and heat pumps into the existing DH network, with the main focus on large-scale heat pumps. The approach consists of two main steps. First, we forecast future heat demand and the potential to extend the DH system by simulating the evolution and energy consumption of the city's building stock. Second, we use a supply dispatch model with hourly resolution to calculate alternative scenarios and sensitivities for the supply mix with a focus on heat pumps. Our results show that, under the current regulatory and economic framework, large-scale heat pumps are not cost competitive with the existing coal-fired CHP units. However, redesigning the regulatory framework and optimising heat pump design and operation could achieve cost parity. The CO2 price induced by the EU emissions trading scheme will most likely not be a sufficient incentive in short and medium term. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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