Real-time operation of multi-micro-grids using a multi-agent system

The inaccurate prediction of solar irradiance, wind speed and demand load may significantly influence the operation of micro-grids. This condition causes unbalances between generation and load that lead to variations in DC and AC bus voltages, and may affect system stability. A multi-agent system (MAS) is proposed in this study to achieve optimal energy management for voltage regulation and to enhance the stability of a system under different weather conditions and load perturbations for two connected micro grids. Optimum operation is achieved through two stages. The first stage is the optimum day-ahead energy from each source based on historical data. The second stage is implemented to maintain the balance between generation and load by considering economic operation during real-time operation. This stage can be realized by controlling converters related to each source in both micro-grids. Different scenarios are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed MAS. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed energy management system is efficient. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.