期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
卷 56, 期 -, 页码 230-239出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.018
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资金
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO)
- FWO [GOC1914N, G020618N]
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-SC0018409]
- IWT-SBO project BIOLEUM [130039]
- IWT-FISH-SBO project ARBOREF [140894]
- Stanford University's Global Climate and Energy Program (GCEP), project 'Engineering novel lignin types
Lignin is a principal structural component of cell walls in higher terrestrial plants. It reinforces the cell walls, facilitates water transport, and acts as a physical barrier to pathogens. Lignin is typically described as being composed of p-hydroxyphenyl (H), guaiacyl (G), and syringyl (S) units that derive from the polymerization of the hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohol, respectively. However, lignin also derives from various other aromatic monomers. Here, we review the biosynthetic pathway to the lignin monomers, and how flux through the pathway is regulated. Upon perturbation of the phenylpropanoid pathway, pathway intermediates may successfully incorporate into the lignin polymer, thereby affecting its physicochemical properties, or may remain soluble as such or as derivatized molecules that might interfere with physiological processes.
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