Performance-based approaches for concrete durability: State of the art and future research needs

The traditional prescriptive approach for concrete durability links mix design parameters such as w/b ratio, compressive strength and binder content to the expected concrete performance in aggressive environments. It fails to adequately take into account important factors such as binder type, chemical and mineral admixtures, and construction procedures. In contrast, performance approaches are based on the measurement of relevant concrete properties that can be used as input parameters in service life models to predict durability of the specific structure under consideration. They offer rational design approaches, allow innovation in concrete construction, contribute to effective quality control, and provide efficient means of conformity assessment of the as-built structure. This paper presents a critical review of prescriptive requirements for concrete durability and discusses performance-based approaches in view of underlying principles, test methods, and applications. Synergies between some of the most widely used approaches are highlighted. Future research and development needs are identified.