In vitro and in silico inhibition properties of fucoidan against α-amylase and α-D-glucosidase with relevance to type 2 diabetes mellitus

This study investigated the in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties of fucoidan extracted from Turbinaria conoides against alpha-amylase and alpha-D-glucosidase. Extracted fucoidan contained 59 and 35% of fucose and sulphate and was characterized using H-1 NMR. Dose dependent inhibition assays showed maximum of 85 and 72% of inhibition for alpha-amylase and alpha-D-glucosidase at 2.07 and 1.03 mu M concentration of fucoidan. The IC50 value of fucoidan was found to be 1.07 and 0.68 mu M against alpha-amylase and alpha-D-glucosidase. In silico studies (grid based docking) by Schrodinger software revealed that fucoidan as a potent inhibitor for both alpha-amylase and alpha-Dglucosidase based on number of interactions, hydrogen bond length and binding energy. Furthermore, fucoidan fulfilled the pharmacokinetic properties thus promising to develop fucoidan as drug for type 2 DM.