期刊
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
卷 101, 期 2, 页码 368-376出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz082
关键词
spermatozoa; perinuclear theca; oxidative-reductive reactions; glutathione-S-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2); nuclear decondensation; zygotic development; intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
资金
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [84440]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN/05305]
- Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2015-67015-23231]
- Food for the 21st Century Program of the University of Missouri
The postacrosomal sheath (PAS) of the perinuclear theca (PT) is the first compartment of the sperm head to solubilize into the ooplasm upon sperm-oocyte fusion, implicating its constituents in zygotic development. This study investigates the role of one such constituent, glutathione-S-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2), an oxidative-reductive enzyme found in the PAS and perforatorial regions of the PT. GSTO2 uses the conjugation of reduced glutathione, an electron donor shown to be compulsory in sperm disassembly within the ooplasm. The proximity of GSTO2 to the condensed sperm nucleus led us to hypothesize that this enzyme may facilitate nuclear decondensation by reducing disulfide bonds before the recruitment of GSTO enzymes from within the ooplasm. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a cell permeable isozyme-specific inhibitor, which fluoresces when bound to the active site of GSTO2, to functionally inhibit spermatozoa before performing intracytoplasmic sperm injections (ICSI) in mice. The technique allowed for targeted inhibition of solely PT-residing GSTO2, as all that is required for complete zygotic development is the injection of the mouse spermatozoon head. ICSI showed that inhibition of PT-anchored GSTO2 caused a delay in sperm nuclear decondensation, and further resulted in untimely embryo cleavage, and an increase in fragmentation beginning at the morula stage. The confounding effects of these developmental delays ultimately resulted in decreased blastocyst formation. This study implicates PT-anchored GSTO2 as an important facilitator of nuclear decondensation and reinforces the notion that the PAS-PT is a critical sperm compartment harboring molecules that facilitate zygotic development. Summary Sentence Sperm head anchored GSTO2 and oocyte contained GSTO enzymes are key facilitators of sperm head decompartmentalization and male nuclear decondensation during mammalian zygotic development.
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