期刊
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
卷 103, 期 8, 页码 3239-3248出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09726-x
关键词
CRISPR; Cas; sgRNA; Microalgae; Genome editing; Transformation
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21878151]
- Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation [BK20160092]
- Program for Innovative Research Teams in Universities of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture [XTE1829]
- General Program on Natural Science Research Projects of Higher Education of Jiangsu [18KJB530007]
Microalgae are arguably the most abundant single-celled eukaryotes and are widely distributed in oceans and freshwater lakes. Moreover, microalgae are widely used in biotechnology to produce bioenergy and high-value products such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), bioactive peptides, proteins, antioxidants and so on. In general, genetic editing techniques were adapted to increase the production of microalgal metabolites. The main genome editing tools available today include zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas nuclease system. Due to its high genome editing efficiency, the CRISPR/Cas system is emerging as the most important genome editing method. In this review, we summarized the available literature on the application of CRISPR/Cas in microalgal genetic engineering, including transformation methods, strategies for the expression of Cas9 and sgRNA, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knock-in/knock-out strategies, and CRISPR interference expression modification strategies.
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