期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 31, 期 23, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900498
关键词
antifouling; channel arrays; long-term stability; self-regeneration; solar desalination
类别
资金
- China Scholarship Council [201606150041]
Emerging solar desalination by interfacial evaporation shows great potential in response to global water scarcity because of its high solar-to-vapor efficiency, low environmental impact, and off-grid capability. However, solute accumulation at the heating interface has severely impacted the performance and long-term stability of current solar evaporation systems. Here, a self-regenerating solar evaporator featuring excellent antifouling properties using a rationally designed artificial channel-array in a natural wood substrate is reported. Upon solar evaporation, salt concentration gradients are formed between the millimeter-sized drilled channels (with a low salt concentration) and the microsized natural wood channels (with a high salt concentration) due to their different hydraulic conductivities. The concentration gradients allow spontaneous interchannel salt exchange through the 1-2 mu m pits, leading to the dilution of salt in the microsized wood channels. The drilled channels with high hydraulic conductivities thus function as salt-rejection pathways, which can rapidly exchange the salt with the bulk solution, enabling the real-time self-regeneration of the evaporator. Compared to other salt-rejection designs, the solar evaporator exhibits the highest efficiency (approximate to 75%) in a highly concentrated salt solution (20 wt% NaCl) under 1 sun irradiation, as well as long-term stability (over 100 h of continuous operation).
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