Expression and Mechanism of Interleukin 1 (IL-1), Interleukin 2 (IL-2), Interleukin 8 (IL-8), BMP, Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1), and Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1) in Lumbar Disc Herniation

Background: The expression and mechanism of IL-1, IL-2, IL-8, BMP, FGF1, and IGF-1 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with lumbar disc herniation were investigated. Material/Methods: Immunohistochemical methods were applied to identify IL-1, IL-2, IL-8, BMP, FGF1, and IGF-1. PI3K, AKT protein, and mRNA expression were detected and analyzed by Western blot analysis. We selected 30 healthy SD rats and divided them into 2 groups to construct an animal model that was validated by immediate CT scanning. Cartilage tissues from the lumbar disc herniation (experimental) group and control group were obtained and compared. Results: The expression of BMP was not significantly different between the control group and the experimental group (P>0.05). FGF1: There was no significant difference in the expression of FGF1 (P>0.05) between the control group and the experimental group. Compared with the control group, the expression of IGF-1 in the experimental group was significantly higher (P<0.05); the expression of IL-1 in the experimental group was significantly higher (P<0.05); and the expression of IL-2 in the experimental group was also significantly higher (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-8 between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). The expression levels of PI3K and AKT protein and mRNA were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P<0.05). Conclusions: After lumbar disc herniation occurred, the IGF-1 was first activated; the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was later activated, which resulted in the expression of IL-1 and IL-2 inflammation-related factors being increased.